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KMID : 0362720180560020084
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Journal of the Korean Dental Association
2018 Volume.56 No. 2 p.84 ~ p.93
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Prevalence of Various Anatomic Variations in Cross-sectioned Apices of Maxillary Second Molars in Korean and Their Effect on Canal Cleanliness
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Park Jin-Woo
Bae Ji-Hyun
Choi Yong-Hoon
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study evaluated the apical root canal system of maxillary second molars, in which conventional endodontic
treatment had failed.
Materials and Methods: One hundred eighteen extracted endodontically failed maxillary second molars were examined to
investigate the root canal morphology using clinical photographs. High-resolution cross-sectional images at the 3mm level from the root apices were taken to evaluate the anatomic variations and canal cleanliness. The incidence of anatomic variations and canals containing debris were evaluated statistically.
Results: One (0.85%) maxillary second molar had four separate roots, while 52 (44.07%) had three separate roots. The
remaining 65 (55.08%) showed 6 different types of fusion in their roots. As the number of fused roots increased from none to three, the incidence of isthmuses in the cross-sectional images increased significantly from 43.40% to 76.92% in 2-root fusion and 88.46% in 3-root fusion. In addition, the occurrence of less-cleansed canals increased from 22.64% to 38.46% and 53.85%, respectively (p<0.05). Sixty four teeth (54.24%) had 3 canals while 38(32.2%) had additional canals; most of them were located in the MB roots (81.58%). Seventy six (64.41%) had isthmuses in the apical region and 58 out of 76 were located in MB roots.
Condlusions: Logistic analysis indicated that the less division of roots was associated significantly with the occurrence of
insufficient cleaning during endodontic treatment (OR=1.765, p<0.05), while the presence of an additional canal showed no
association.
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KEYWORD
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Endodontics, Retreatment, Root canal anatomy, Maxillary second molar
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